Combined Heat and Power, also known as cogeneration. It's a process where electricity and heat are generated simultaneously from a single source of fuel, making it more efficient than separate power and heating systems. 

Here's a more detailed explanation:

What it is:

• CHP systems generate electricity and useful thermal energy (heating and/or cooling) from a single fuel source. 

• This is achieved by capturing and utilizing the heat that would otherwise be wasted during the electricity generation process. 

• CHP can utilize a variety of technologies and fuel sources, including steam boilers, gas turbines, and reciprocating engines. 

Benefits:

• Increased efficiency:

  CHP systems can be up to 80% efficient, significantly higher than traditional power plants. 

• Reduced energy consumption:

  By using the waste heat, CHP systems can reduce overall energy consumption. 

• Lower carbon emissions:

  CHP can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by up to 30% compared to conventional methods. 

• Cost savings:

  CHP can save up to 30% on primary energy costs compared to separate power and heating systems. 

• Reliability and resilience:

  CHP systems can provide an on-site energy source, reducing reliance on the grid. 

Where it's used:

• CHP is used in various sectors, including industry, commercial buildings, hospitals, and large residential complexes. 

• It's particularly suitable for facilities with high heat demand, such as those with heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. 

Examples:

• A CHP system can use a gas engine to generate electricity, with the waste heat used to heat water for domestic hot water and space heating. 

• A CHP system can also use a steam boiler with a steam turbine to generate electricity, with the waste heat used for industrial processes or heating.